Compression of Surface Electromyographic Signals Using Two-Dimensional Techniques

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Aspectos críticos da expansão das possibilidades de recursos tecnológicos na investigação criminal: a inteligência artificial no âmbito do sistema de controle e de punição

This article aims to critically analyze the potential negative influences of the use of new technologies in the control and punishment system. Given the amount of tools currently managed, both by governments and the private sector, we opted for a panoramic analysis, initially proposing a kind of possible scenario for the dynamics of the investigation process. The central problem with which we are concerned is the expansion of state and private intervention in individual freedoms, which is reflected in the restriction of procedural guarantees, directly affecting the dignity of the human person, even if it argues the need for a parity between the accusation and defense. Starting from a punctual bibliographic review on the use of machines with artificial intelligence in research, articulating literature located between technology and law, based mainly on the hypothetical deductive method, we conclude not by the need to expand, but to limit, in practically all aspects, the use of artificial intelligence machines and the dissemination of potential criminal investigators.O presente artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar criticamente as potenciais influências negativas da utilização de novas tecnologias no sistema de controle e de punição. Dada a quantidade de ferramentas atualmente gestadas, tanto pelos governos quanto pela iniciativa privada, optamos por uma análise do tipo panorâmica, propondo inicialmente uma espécie de cenário possível da dinâmica do processo de investigação. O problema central com o qual nos preocupamos é a expansão da intervenção estatal e privada nas liberdades individuais, o que se reflete na restrição de garantias processuais, atingindo diretamente a dignidade da pessoa humana, mesmo que se argumente a necessidade de uma paridade entre acusação e defesa. Partindo-se de uma pontual revisão bibliográfica sobre a utilização de máquinas com inteligência artificial na investigação, articulando literatura situada entre a tecnologia e o direito, com base principal no método hipotético dedutivo, concluímos não pela necessidade de expandir, mas de limitar, em praticamente todos os aspectos, a utilização de máquinas com inteligência artificial e a disseminação de potenciais investigadores criminais

Oxygen-deficient water zones in the Baltic Sea promote uncharacterized Hg methylating microorganisms in underlying sediments

Human-induced expansion of oxygen-deficient zones can have dramatic impacts on marine systems and its resident biota. One example is the formation of the potent neurotoxic methylmercury (MeHg) that is mediated by microbial methylation of inorganic divalent Hg (Hg-II) under oxygen-deficient conditions. A negative consequence of the expansion of oxygen-deficient zones could be an increase in MeHg production due to shifts in microbial communities in favor of microorganisms methylating Hg. There is, however, limited knowledge about Hg-methylating microbes, i.e., those carrying hgc genes critical for mediating the process, from marine sediments. Here, we aim to study the presence of hgc genes and transcripts in metagenomes and metatranscriptomes from four surface sediments with contrasting concentrations of oxygen and sulfide in the Baltic Sea. We show that potential Hg methylators differed among sediments depending on redox conditions. Sediments with an oxygenated surface featured hgc-like genes and transcripts predominantly associated with uncultured Desulfobacterota (OalgD group) and Desulfobacterales (including Desulfobacula sp.) while sediments with a hypoxic-anoxic surface included hgc-carrying Verrucomicrobia, unclassified Desulfobacterales, Desulfatiglandales, and uncharacterized microbes. Our data suggest that the expansion of oxygen-deficient zones in marine systems may lead to a compositional change of Hg-methylating microbial groups in the sediments, where Hg methylators whose metabolism and biology have not yet been characterized will be promoted and expand

Geometria e polaridade molecular sob uma ótica interdisciplinar

A interdisciplinaridade é um tema comum nas discussões educacionais atuais. Neste trabalho se discute a importância e eficiência da utilização de práticas interdisciplinares em aulas de Química de uma escola pública estadual da cidade de Pau dos Ferros, Rio Grande do Norte. Para isto, buscou-se conhecer a realidade do ensino de Química nesta escola através de uma entrevista com a professora de duas turmas do primeiro ano do Ensino Médio; depois, foi realizada uma breve avaliação diagnóstica da turma de alunos e, posteriormente realizada uma aula de propósito interdisciplinar integrando conhecimentos da Química e da Física no estudo da polaridade e geometria molecular. Os resultados obtidos comprovaram que esta abordagem mostrou-se eficiente neste contexto estudado

Essential oil composition and antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Campomanesia pubescens O. Berg, Native of Brazilian Cerrado

In this study, the essential oil composition, total contents of phenolics and proanthocyanidins, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities from different plant parts (root, stem, leaf and fruit) of Campomanesia pubescens (DC) O. Berg from Brazilian Cerrado are reported. The root essential oil is distinguished from others by having only one representative of monoterpenes (alpha-terpenylacetate). The aerial parts of C. pubescens are rich in volatile terpenes, as expected, especially in fruits whose essential oil contained approximately 80 % of monoterpenes. The essential oils showed antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens. The root essential oil showed the strongest inhibition against Fusobacterium nucleatum (ATCC 25586). The leaf extract presented the highest concentration of phenolic and proanthocyanidins compounds. The lowest concentration necessary for inhibition of DPPH to 50 % ranged between 6.6 ± 1.6 and 56.6 ± 2.3 μg/mL. The leaf extract exhibited the highest inhibition, close to BHT.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests.

Tropical forests are known for their high diversity. Yet, forest patches do occur in the tropics where a single tree species is dominant. Such "monodominant" forests are known from all of the main tropical regions. For Amazonia, we sampled the occurrence of monodominance in a massive, basin-wide database of forest-inventory plots from the Amazon Tree Diversity Network (ATDN). Utilizing a simple defining metric of at least half of the trees ≥ 10 cm diameter belonging to one species, we found only a few occurrences of monodominance in Amazonia, and the phenomenon was not significantly linked to previously hypothesized life history traits such wood density, seed mass, ectomycorrhizal associations, or Rhizobium nodulation. In our analysis, coppicing (the formation of sprouts at the base of the tree or on roots) was the only trait significantly linked to monodominance. While at specific locales coppicing or ectomycorrhizal associations may confer a considerable advantage to a tree species and lead to its monodominance, very few species have these traits. Mining of the ATDN dataset suggests that monodominance is quite rare in Amazonia, and may be linked primarily to edaphic factors

The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since July 2014. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the fourteenth from SDSS overall (making this, Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes public data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (July 2014-2016). Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS); the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data driven machine learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS website (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release, and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020, and will be followed by SDSS-V.Comment: SDSS-IV collaboration alphabetical author data release paper. DR14 happened on 31st July 2017. 19 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by ApJS on 28th Nov 2017 (this is the "post-print" and "post-proofs" version; minor corrections only from v1, and most of errors found in proofs corrected